At moderately high temperatures, SbCl5 decomposes into SbCl3 and Cl2 as follows: SbCl5(g) <---> SbCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ?
A 65.4 g sample of SbCl5 is placed in an evacuated 5.00 L vessel and it is raised to 195oC and the system comes to equilibrium. If at this temperature 35.8% of the SbCl5 is decomposed, what is the value of Kp?
A 65.4 g sample of SbCl5 is placed in an evacuated 5.00 L vessel and it is raised to 195oC and the system comes to equilibrium. If at this temperature 35.8% of the SbCl5 is decomposed, what is the value of Kp?
1 Answer
The initial state of the system contains
So first, calculate the starting total pressure of
#P_(SbCl_5) V = n_(SbCl_5)RT# where as usual,
#P# is pressure in#"atm"# ,#n# is mols,#V# is volume in#"L"# ,#R = "0.08206 L"cdot"atm/mol"cdot"K"# is the universal gas constant, and#T# is temperature in#"K"# .
The initial pressure of antimony(V) chloride is then:
#=> P_(SbCl_5) = (n_(SbCl_5)RT)/V#
#= (65.4 cancel"g" xx "1 mol"/(299.02 cancel("g SbCl"_5)) cdot "0.08206 L"cdot"atm/mol"cdot"K" cdot (195 + "273.15 K"))/("5.00 L")#
#=# #ul"1.680 atm"#
Now we can construct the ICE table in terms of partial pressures.
#"SbCl"_5(g) rightleftharpoons "SbCl"_3(g) + "Cl"_2(g)#
#"I"" "1.680" "" "" "0" "" "" "" "0#
#"C"" "-x" "" "" "+x" "" "+x#
#"E"" "1.680-x" "x" "" "" "" "x#
Here we really have
That's how we tend to write it, but we are given that the fraction of dissociation is
#x = 0.358 cdot 1.680 = "0.6016 atm"#
Therefore:
#color(blue)(K_P) = (P_(SbCl_3)P_(Cl_2))/(P_(SbCl_5))#
#= x^2/(1.680 - x) = ("0.6016 atm")^2/("1.680 atm" - "0.6016 atm")#
#=# #color(blue)("0.335 atm")#